What is electric charge? Well, there's an easy answer and a hard answer. Here is the easy answer:
Charge is...
- ...the stuff that flows during an electric current.
- ...the stuff that appears on a balloon when you rub it on your hair.
- ...the stuff that comes in two kinds: positive and negative.
- ...charge is like mass: it's a property, but it's also like "a stuff" ...a conserved quantity
- ...it's the stuff that causes electrical forces.
- ...charge is the "glue" that connects all of the e-field flux onto the protons and electrons.
- ...charge is the positive and negative stuff that forms atoms.
- ...charge is the stuff that is carried by electrons, protons, positrons, and other particles.
- More explanation here : http://amasci.com/elect/charge1.html